Author: Rhiju Das
Written in 2013. Last update: Apr. 2013 by Rhiju Das (rhiju [at] stanford.edu).
The central code for the swa_protein_main application is in src/apps/swa/protein/swa_protein_main.cc and in several files in src/protocols/swa/ .
For a 'minimal' demo, see:
demos/public/swa_protein_main/
Das, R. (2013) "Atomic-accuracy prediction of protein loop structures enabled by an RNA-inspired ansatz", PLoS ONE 8(10): e74830. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0074830 Link
See also:
Sripakdeevong, P., Kladwang, W., and Das, R. (2011) "An enumerative stepwise ansatz enables atomic-accuracy RNA loop modeling", PNAS 108:20573-20578. Paper Link
This code is intended to give three-dimensional de novo models of protein segments at atomic accuracy without requiring input information from surrounding sidechains. Tested in applications to loop modeling in ab initio & comparative modeling. It is being extended to refining and finding alternative configurations for troublesome protein segments in crystallography, and to create de novo models of entire proteins.
A faster & easier version of this method called stepwise monte carlo has been developed, described here
The algorithm builds a loop de novo by enumerating through phi, psi, and omega angles; closing the chain by CCD; side-chain packing on all 'reasonable' configurations; and minimization of the resulting lowest energy, clustered configurations. Should give a complete backbone enumeration for a loop up to 5 residues in length.
This demo is for short loops (<6 residues), in which the complete enumeration can be carried out in a single Rosetta job. Running 'StepWise Assembly' on a longer loop requires a more complex workflow that carries out buildup of the loop across all possible residue-by-residue build paths. This full workflow is described in separate documentation see Enumerative building of a protein loop through systematic recursion.
As with most other modes in Rosetta, the final ensemble of models is not guaranteed to be a Boltzmann ensemble. However the outputted models are expected to be a complete set of the lowest energy configurations stemming from a reasonably complete search of conformational space.
Minimization or sampling of tau [CA bond angle] is not being carried out.
The following modes will be described:
Loop modeling [ -rebuild ]. That's the main purpose of the application.
Clustering [ -cluster ]. Useful in the final stage of modeling.
Prepacking (advanced). This mode prepares initial side-chains on side-chain-free starting models. This can be important if you want to compare energies and side-chain configurations between different loop modeling strategies – its best to start with the same initial prepacks.
You need only two input files to run swa_protein_main loop modeling:
The fasta file: it is the sequence file for your full model (protein plus built loop).
The input PDB file. It is OK to input this without any sidechains and without loops. You can also include a starting loop (its bond lengths and angles will be used for all models).
A sample command line is the following:
swa_protein_main -rebuild -s1 noloop5-8_2it7_stripsidechain.pdb -input_res1 1-4 9-28 -sample_res 5 6 -bridge_res 7 8 -cutpoint_closed 7 -superimpose_res 1-4 9-28 -fixed_res 1-4 9-28 -calc_rms_res 5-8 -jump_res 1 28 -ccd_close -out:file:silent_struct_type binary -fasta 2it7.fasta -n_sample 18 -nstruct 400 -cluster:radius 0.100 -extrachi_cutoff 0 -ex1 -ex2 -score:weights score12.wts -pack_weights pack_no_hb_env_dep.wts -in:detect_disulf false -add_peptide_plane -native 2it7.pdb -mute all -out:file:silent 2it7_rebuild.out -disulfide_file 2it7.disulfNote above that 1-4 9-28 is allowed shorthand for 1 2 3 4 9 10 11 ... 28 . Note that the numbering refers to the numbers in the overall model whose sequence if specified in the .fasta file.
The code takes about 2 minute to generate about 90 loop models. We get a 'silent file' with all the models, 2it7_rebuild.out .
To extract models from a silent file, you can use the usual Rosetta extract_pdbs command:
extract_pdbs -in:file:silent 2it7_rebuild.out -tags S_0Suppose we want to more coarsely cluster these models, e.g., at 1 Angstrom RMSD, which would be appropriate for atomic accuracy cases. Here's the command line:
swa_protein_main -cluster_test -in:file:silent 2it7_rebuild.out -cluster:radius 1.0 -calc_rms_res 5-8 -out:file:silent 2it7_CLUSTERED.out -score_diff_cut 20.000The outfile has some REMARKS describing parent tags and the name of the clustered file. The way this clustering works is it simply goes through the models in order of energy, and if a model is more than the rmsd threshold than the existing clusters, it spawns a new cluster.
From the above run, we get a 'silent file' with all the models, 2it7_rebuild.out .
After clustering, we get a file 2it7_CLUSTERED.out
Required:
-rebuild [or -cluster_test] Mode of loop building.
-fasta Fasta-formatted sequence file. [File]
-s1 [or -silent1 and -tags1] Input PDB or decoy from silent file with starting model [File]
-input_res1 Which residues are given in input file. [IntegerVector]
Required for rebuilding internal loops:
-bridge_res Residues whose phi, psi torsions will be optimized during loop closure. [IntegerVector]
Must specify exactly 3 positions if using analytical loop closure (KIC-style).
-jump_res Pair of residues across which to specify jump. [IntegerVector]
First and last residues in protein are reasonable choices.
Recommended for -rebuild:
-ccd_close Use CCD instead of analytical loop closure. Now strongly suggested!
-n_sample Number of 'rotamers' in phi or psi torsion angles. Default is 18, corresponding to
360/18 = 20 degree increments [Integer]
-fixed_res Residues that should not move upon backbone minimization. [IntegerVector]
Typically give the non-loop residues here.
-out:file:silent Name of output file [scores and torsions, compressed format]. default="default.out" [String]
-out:file:silent_struct_type You should specify this as "binary" for most modeling cases, to retain information on non-ideal bond
lengths and bond angles.
-nstruct Maximum number of models to make. default: 400. [Integer]
-in:native Native PDB filename. [File].
-superimpose_res Which residues to superimpose over before calculating RMSD. [IntegerVector]
-rmsd_res Which residues to calculated RMSD over. [IntegerVector]
-cluster:radius How finely to cluster loops (based on backbone RMSD) before minimizing and again
before output. In Angstroms. Default 0.25 A, but use 0.1 A to reach atomic accuracy. [Real]
-extrachi_cutoff How many neighbors a residue must have before using the full rotamer list ('extrachi').
suggest setting to zero to get complete sampling. [Integer]
-ex1 Generate extra rotamers to generate at chi1 level. Recommended.
-ex2 Generate extra rotamers to generate at chi2 level. Recommended.
-pack_weights Energy function to use in side-chain packing and first energy filter. Recommended:
pack_no_hb_env_dep.wts, which lowers fa_rep, increases side-chain hbonds, and turns
off weaker Hbonds for surface-exposed residues. [File]
-score:weights Energy function to use in minimization & final scoring. Recommended: score12.wts. [File]
-in:detect_disulf Specify as false to avoid weird errors with input proteins with potential disulfides.
-disulfide_file Specify disulfide-bonded pairs explicitly, including any involving loop residues.
-add_peptide_plane Adds methyl group to N-terminal of second loop fragment to simulate preceding Calpha, and
carbon to C-terminal of first loop fragment to simulate next Calpha (acetylation).
These additions permit sampling and optimization of 'edge' phi and psi torsions.
Less commonly used:
-s2 [or -silent2 and -tags2] Input PDB or decoy from silent file with second starting model. These will be 'combined'
with models specified by -s1. [File]
-input_res2 Which residues are given in second input file. [IntegerVector]
Used in clustering:
-cluster_test Cluster models [supply this instead of -rebuild]
-silent_read_through_errors Useful in big runs in the rare cases that silent files have some kind of errors due to concatenation.
-score_diff_cut How far up to go in energy, compared to lowest energy model in file.
Used in prepack mode:
-use_packer_instead_of_rotamer_trials Do full side-chain combinatorial optimization, not just one-by-one rotamer trials of residues.The score components are those of the standard protein energy function ('score12'), with the following additions:
all_rms all-heavy-atom RMSD to the native structure in loop (specified by -rms_res)
backbone_rms RMSD over C, CA, N, O to the native structure in loop (specified by -rms_res)
rms RMSD over CA to the native structure in loop (specified by -rms_res)
score_orig Score before minimization [you probably won't use this.]
nclust How many models went into cluster [not in use]If you take a PDB created outside Rosetta, very small clashes may be strongly penalized by the Rosetta all-atom potential. Instead of scoring, you should probably do a short minimize, run:
swa_protein_main -rebuild -s1 noloop5-8_2it7_stripsidechain.pdb -input_res1 1-4 9-28 -superimpose_res 1-4 9-28 -fixed_res 1-4 9-28 -calc_rms_res 5-8 -jump_res 1 28 -out:file:silent_struct_type binary -fasta 2it7.fasta -n_sample 18 -nstruct 400 -cluster:radius 0.100 -extrachi_cutoff 0 -ex1 -ex2 -score:weights score12.wts -pack_weights pack_no_hb_env_dep.wts -in:detect_disulf false -add_peptide_plane -native 2it7.pdb -mute all -out:file:silent noloop5-8_2it7_prepack.out -disulfide_file 2it7.disulf -use_packer_instead_of_rotamer_trialsIt can be useful for runs that refine a structure (e.g., the experimental structure) or for homology modeling to stay close to a starting structure. You can generate a constraint file as follows:
generate_CA_constraints.py 2it7.pdb -cst_res 5-8 -coord_cst -anchor_res 1 -fade > 2it7_coordinate2.0.cstThis python script is available in rosetta/tools/SWA_protein_python/generate_dag/
To incorporate into the loop modeling above, include in the swa_protein_main command line a flag -cst_file2it7_coordinate2.0.cst
This documentation has been added at the same time as public release of the demo [after Rosetta 3.5].